Canongate Primary School, which opened in 1972 is located off the Canongate, beside the St Andrews Botanic Garden. St Andrews had a recorded population of 16,800 as of 2011, making it Fife's fourth largest settlement and 45th most populous settlement in Scotland. The operations of the school merged with the middle and junior sections of St Leonards to become St Leonards-New Park in 2005. [71][72] This decision was met with controversy from parents, staff and the local community.
Roads A91, A915, A917, A918 and B939 traverse the town at different locations. [15], In the mid-eighth century a monastery was established by the Pictish king Oengus I, traditionally associated with the relics of Saint Andrew, a number of bones supposed to be the saint's arm, kneecap, three fingers and a tooth believed to have been brought to the town by St Regulus. [16] This means that the lay-out may have led to the creation of two new streets (North Street and South Street) from the foundations of the new St Andrews Cathedral filling the area inside a two-sided triangle at its apex. Andrews. Web site, Gifford, Buildings of Scotland:Fife p.357, Ian Carradice, MUSA Guide Book (2008), pp.1-13, 45th most populous settlement in Scotland, The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews, Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, "Estimated population of settlements by broad age groups, mid-2012 (table 2a)", "Scotslanguage.com - Names in Scots - Places in Scotland", "Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba (AÀA) – Gaelic Place-names of Scotland", "Holyrood 2016: Liberal Democrat leader Willie Rennie takes seat from SNP", "Comparative Populartion: St Andrews Locality Scotland", "Comparative Population Profile: Fife Council Area Scotland", "Comparative Employment Profile: St Andrews Locality Scotland", "Comparative Employment Profile: Fife Locality Scotland", "Mid-2008 Population Estimates – Localities in order of size", "The St Andrews Economy, Tourism and Businesses", "Scotland's most expensive street now at home of golf", "Holy Trinity Church (Town Kirk), South Street (Category A) (LB40633)", "St Andrews Cathedral and Priory and adjacent ecclesiastical remains (SM13322)", "St Andrews, South Street, Blackfriars' Chapel (34336)", "Closing date put on sale of Madras College's Kilrymont site in St Andrews", "What does the future hold for St Andrews leisure centre?
Sundays: 10 a.m. to 9 p.m. St Andrews forms part of the North East Fife constituency, electing one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom by the first past the post system.
[93] Sand dunes on the beach, which have long protected the golf course, are themselves in danger of eroding away, and are the subject of a restoration project. The University of St Andrews have expressed plans to provide a new multimillion-pound leisure centre to replace East Sands. Madras College is the sole secondary school in the town. The coldest calendar month (since 1960) was December 2010,[45] with a mean temperature of −0.8 °C (30.6 °F) (mean maximum 1.9 °C (35.4 °F), mean minimum −3.5 °C (25.7 °F) ). [94], The Lade Braes Walk is a scenic public footpath of about 1 1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) that follows the route of a medieval mill lade through St Andrews. [76] The chapel and college of St John the Evangelist became the first building to have ties with the university in 1415. In 2016, one out of every five jobs in St Andrews is related to tourism. 861 were here. [16] In AD 877, king Causantín mac Cináeda (Constantine I or II) built a new church for the Culdees at St Andrews and later the same year was captured and executed (or perhaps killed in battle) after defending against Viking raiders. rugby club (known as Madras Rugby Club); [79][80] According to Jack Nicklaus, "if a golfer is going to be remembered, he must win at St Andrews".
Night-time frosts are common; however, snowfall is more rare. [104], As of St. Andrew's Day 2015, the town is formally twinned with the French medieval town of Loches, with which it had previously shared a cultural exchange for over two decades. [29] The first elected parliament was introduced on 17 November 1713 as St Andrews Burgh, which merged with Anstruther, the result of a reform bill in 1832. [52] The church was initially built on land, close to the south-east gable of the Cathedral, around 1144, and was dedicated in 1234 by Bishop David de Bernham. by National Records of Scotland. The chairman uses the title of Provost of St Andrews on official and ceremonial occasions, however Fife has only one official Provost since 1975, currently Jim Leishman MBE.