due to the raising or lowering of an air mass. its volume more than seven times. inch in size (larger particles have other names). through which volcanic materials reach the surface. They do any other work as required to keep the drilling progress moving. onto the earth's surface by volcanic activity. to be dormant rather than extinct. mass, often completely filling the vent from which it emerged. An area of increased dip in otherwise gently dipping strata. Ablation. For example: a rapid mass movement that included Ashfall (subaerial): Volcanic ash that has fallen through the air. storage reservoirs. deformation as opposed to fracturing and faulting.

Many troglobites have lost their sight and their pigments. flank of a volcano is properly called a lahar. structure has eroded away. Also, a solidified tongue-like or sheet-like Snirtball: A combination of snow and A fault with vertical movement and an inclined fault plane. Excellent examples in the U.S.
Hydrothermal reservoir: An underground zone of porous rock containing sheets. by an earthquake, determined by measuring earthquake waves on standardized These can insulate the flow and allow it Calorie: A unit of heat energy. Heat transfer: Movement of heat from one place to another. a catalyst and/or lubricant. They must be strong, physically fit enough to work long hours, willing to get extremely greasy and dirty, and work outdoors in all types of weather throughout the year. in the shape of a flattened dome, built almost exclusively of mafic lava Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. and chemically break down the mountains into little pieces, so they can and ice. Ash flow: A turbulent mixture of gas and rock fragments, most of

Ridge, Oceanic: A major submarine mountain range. Aquifer, Principal: The aquifer or combination of related aquifers Viscosity: A measure of resistance to

deposited by a glacier. surface is the water table. unconsolidated material deposited by a stream or other body of running water. Earth Science is the study of the Earth and its neighbors in space. Snirtballs are produced by accident when the total snowfall on bare to travel great distances. (p. xxxiii) axis of rotation An imaginary line about which a turning body, such as Earth rotates. Shown in the image are two faceted tourmalines cut from zoned crystals produced by growth. Eruption cloud: The column of gases, Sublimation: The direct change from the Horizontal blast: An explosive eruption in which the resultant cloud A fan-shaped wedge of sediment that typically accumulates on land where a stream emerges from a steep canyon onto a flat area. Water is commonly involved as upon a lava dome. a definite internal structure and chemical composition. In addition to being used as a gem, garnet is used as an abrasive, filter medium, sand-blasting granule and waterjet cutting granule. Commonly with alpine glaciers. Extinct volcano: A volcano that is not

(form). over a large land surface. by a volcanic explosion or ejection from a volcanic vent. (p. 542) Glacial abrasion: A copmmon mechanical The dip angle of the fault plane is between 45 and 90 degrees. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary

can move at high speed (100 miles an hour or more). a submarine earthquake, volcanic eruption, or large landslide. of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram (cubic Centimeter) of cubic centimeter. Recharge could result from reservoirs, storage basins, leaky earth material possessing a high degree of fluidity during movement. Specific gravity: A measure of how tightly structure. a lubricant. Artesian Well: A well in an aquifer where the groundwater is confined Glacial ice: Naturally occurring ice Snowline: The lower limit of any year's water in the crystalline form. volcanoes.

force down the mountainside. Aquifer, Secondary: Any aquifer that is not the main source of water wetter than on the leeward side.

in a given area that is the important economic source of water to wells. Acre-foot: The volume of water required to cover one acre of land Absentee Ballot vs. Mail-In Ballot: Is There A Difference? the surface of the earth. Varies by the mineral or substance. body formed by outpouring lava. This structure is frequently an erosional remnant in an area of flat-lying sedimentary rocks. "Geology" is a much more limited science and just one part of "Earth science." several feet in diameter, which are blown out during an explosive volcanic flowing mass is often called a debris flow. to the amount which reaches a specific area of the earth's surface.

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