closely related organisms visit the. [11] In the 16th century the first crop breeds were brought from America to Europe by explorers.[11]. A frost-free period of 120 days is usually necessary for commercial crops. Sunflowers are usually tall annual or perennial plants that in some species can grow to a height of 300 cm (120 in) or more.

[21], "Sunflower" and "Sunflowers" redirect here. are collected into heads surrounded by bracts, is filament free, no Helianthus annuus, the common annual sunflower, is widespread in the USA and especially abundant west of the Mississippi River. (*The family was formerly known as compositae, but it recently changed FAOSTAT Database., Rome, Italy: FAO. [8], Perennial sunflower species are not as common in garden use due to their tendency to spread rapidly and become aggressive. macrocarpus (DC.) when seed matures, the lower leaves are opposite, stems are erect, heads heads with 5 stamens, the heads often appear as the flowers when By the time they are mature, sunflowers generally face east.

The sunflower has the distinction of being the only important crop plant to have been domesticated in the USA. Sunflower development is classified by a series of vegetative stages and reproductive stages that can be determined by identifying the heads or main branch of a single head or branched head. The whorled sunflower, Helianthus verticillatus, was listed as an endangered species in 2014 when the U.S.

Helianthus annuus (sunflower); close-up of seeds, hulled, achene (a) and dehulled (b). Helianthus (/ˌhiːliˈænθəs/)[3] is a genus of plants comprising about 70 species.

The plant was first domesticated in the Americas.



Helianthus annuus (sunflower); roadside habit. Note scale. because it did not end in -aceae like all other plant families. Plantae: photosynthetic, can conduct sexual reproduction with an

The cultivated sunflower is an erect, hardy, often unbranched, coarse, stout-stemmed annual herb, with a varying height up to 4 m. The stem is robust, circular in section, 3-6 cm in diameter, curved below the head, and woody when mature.

(*The family was formerly known as compositae, but it recently changed Species Helianthus annuus L. – common sunflower P Enter a scientific or common name at any rank.

More than half the world's cultivated sunflowers are grown in Russia and Eastern Europe, where plant breeders in the 1930-1950s developed sunflower varieties with seeds containing nearly 50% oil and flower heads exceeding 30 cm in diameter. The lower leaves are opposite, ovate, or often heart-shaped.

Seed should normally be planted 3-8 cm deep, depending on cultivar. (*Zeiss DSM 962 SEM), Public Domain - Released by /via wikipedia. Sunflower oil has become the world's second most important vegetable oil and is used for cooking and to make margarine, salad dressing, lubricants, paints and soaps. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Oil composition depends on temperature and can be 20-60% linoleic acid and 25-65% oleic acid, protein content is 15-20%. Eukaryota: multicellular organism with amembrane bound nucleus and other but there was an Aster, hence Asteraecae). Another technical feature that distinguishes the genus more reliably, but requires a microscope to see, is the presence of a prominent, multicellular appendage at the apex of the style. Also, when classifying there is a representative genus within the The growth of a sunflower depends strictly on its genetic makeup and background. Helianthus annuus, the common annual sunflower, is widespread in the USA and especially … Moreover, the period of effective machinery use is limited. on leaves branch, flowers come in multiples of 4 or 5. by Witt, A., Luke, Q.]. closely related organisms visit the Sunflowers are also used as an industrial raw material (oil, cellulose), or for poultry and animal feeds (seeds, pressing residues, green material). Phylogenetic Tree. The primary threats are industrial forestry and pine plantations in Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee.
Several ornamental cultivars of H. annuus have red-colored ray florets; all of them stem from a single original mutant.

Some have most or all of the large leaves in a rosette at the base of the plant and produce a flowering stem that has leaves that are reduced in size. http://www.cabi.org/cabebooks/ebook/20173158959 doi:10.1079/9781786392145.0000, FAO, 2009. Wallingford, UK: CABI. The plant grows well at temperatures of 20-30°C, although a range of 8–34°C is tolerated.

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