In sum, modern science has at its disposal a powerful arsenal of extremely diverse means designed to solve the most varied problems. His formulation of the inductive, empirical approach to scientific knowledge was also of great importance for the subsequent development of methodology. These specialists sought to represent methodology as a systematic theory of scientific research activity; they criticized Popper’s falsifiability criterion for its one-sided concept of the development of knowledge and Kuhn’s concept for its denial of continuity in the development of knowledge. The focus should be on how you applied a method, not on the mechanics of doing a method. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. An exception to this rule is if you select an unconventional methodological approach; if this is the case, be sure to explain why this approach was chosen and how it enhances the overall process of discovery. Problem Blindness A methodological approach is the approach you will take to exploring your topic. Would it be possible to mount a working minigun onto the saddle of a tyrannosaurid dinosaur?

However, in their philosophical-methodological interpretation of the results obtained, the neopositivists greatly exaggerated the formal aspect of methodology, ignoring the substantive aspect and the problem of the development of knowledge. Methodology began to serve as the philosophical foundation of cognition. Used in this narrow sense, methodology simply refers to the. Work in this direction was continued by J. Fichte, whose philosophy was an attempt to construct a universal theory of activity. Adhering to the thesis, which is correct in itself, that only a true method leads to true knowledge, many modern philosophers tried to discover this true method. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Modern philosophical-methodological research has led to important discoveries concerning the functioning and development of cognition. The rudiments of methodological knowledge can be observed even in the early stages of cultural development. For example, one of the important foundations of the systems approach lies in its specific treatment of the principle of entirety. Why are the time zones calculated as 360°/24 and not 361°/24 or 360°/23.933? I. Lakatos, an English mathematician and philosopher, proposed that scientific progress is based on the advancement and implementation of a specific sequence of research programs. This gave rise to the analysis of knowledge as a specific activity with its own particular forms of internal organization. The methodological functions of general scientific methodological concepts and trends are twofold: they either give scientific research a substantive orientation, which contributes to the construction of new objects of study (until now, for example, this role has been performed by the concept of noosphere in the study of problems dealing with the interaction of society and the environment) or they provide scientific research with an effective conceptual and mathematical apparatus of analysis. In particular, the English logician and philosopher K. Popper tried to explain this process on the basis of his falsifiability criterion, that is, the systematic refutation of existing theories.

As scientific development has shown, dialectical and historical materialism provides the most adequate philosophical basis for scientific knowledge. The functions of these concepts are limited by directing scientific research toward a definite object and providing it with specialized analytical apparatus; philosophical methodology invariably includes a world-view interpretation of the foundations of research and its results. It was precisely this set of problems that raised the question of the logical structure of scientific knowledge and established scientific methodology as an independent field of knowledge. Another word for methodological. An important aspect of the work of these and other researchers was the extensive criticism of the narrowness of the premises of the neopositivist concept of the methodology of science and its subject matter.

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